Perfekt Particip (Past Participle)
The Perfekt Particip (Past Participle) in Swedish is used to describe actions that have been completed, and it often functions as an adjective. It is commonly used in passive constructions and to form compound tenses.
Mood:
The Perfekt Particip is a non-finite form, meaning it does not change to indicate tense, person, or number. It is used to describe completed actions or states.
Formation:
The Perfekt Particip is formed by adding -d, -t, or -en depending on the verb and whether the participle is used in an active or passive construction.
Active Voice Conjugation (as an adjective):
| Verb Type | Example Verb | Perfekt Particip |
|---|---|---|
| Regular | att tala (to speak) | talad |
| Verbs ending in -a | att läsa (to read) | läst |
Passive Voice Conjugation:
| Form | Passive (Perfekt Particip) |
|---|---|
| / | blivit talad |
Usage:
- In passive constructions: Brev är skrivet. (The letter is written.)
- As an adjective to describe a noun: Ett talat språk. (A spoken language.)
- In compound tenses: Huset är byggt. (The house is built.)
Examples:
- Adjective: Det är ett skrivet brev. (It is a written letter.)
- Passive: Språket är talat. (The language is spoken.)
