Presens perfektum (Present Perfect Tense)

The perfect tense (presens perfektum) in Norwegian describes actions that have been completed at some unspecified time in the past but are relevant to the present.

Usage:

• To describe actions completed in the past with present relevance: Jeg har lest boken. (I have read the book.)
• To express experiences: Har du vært i Oslo? (Have you been to Oslo?)

Formation:

The perfect tense is formed using the auxiliary verb å ha (to have) and the past participle of the main verb.

Conjugation:

Person	Verb: å snakke (to speak)
Jeg	har snakket
Du	har snakket
Han/Hun	har snakket
Vi	har snakket
Dere	har snakket
De	har snakket

Common Time Expressions:

• I dag (today)
• Nå (now)
• Aldri (never)

Examples:

• Vi har sett filmen. (We have seen the movie.)
• Hun har skrevet et brev. (She has written a letter.)