Preteritum perfektum ( Past Perfect / Pluperfect Tense)

The pluperfect tense (preteritum perfektum) in Norwegian describes actions that had been completed before another past action.

Usage:

• To express actions completed before a specific point in the past: Han sa at han hadde lest boken før han kom. (He said he had read the book before he came.)
• To indicate past actions that were relevant to another past event.

Formation:

The pluperfect tense is formed using the auxiliary verb å ha (to have) in the past tense and the past participle of the main verb.

Conjugation:

Person	Verb: å snakke (to speak)
Jeg	hadde snakket
Du	hadde snakket
Han/Hun	hadde snakket
Vi	hadde snakket
Dere	hadde snakket
De	hadde snakket

Common Time Expressions:

• Før (before)
• Tidligere (earlier)

Examples:

• De hadde allerede gått da jeg kom. (They had already left when I arrived.)
• Hun sa at hun hadde gjort leksene. (She said that she had done her homework.)