Perfekti (Perfect)
The Perfekti (Perfect) tense in Finnish is used to describe actions that have been completed in the past but are relevant to the present. It emphasizes the result of a past action and its connection to the present.
Mood:
The Perfekti tense is used in the indicative mood, which expresses facts or certainty about actions that are completed in the past but still have relevance to the present.
- Mood: Indicative (expresses actions completed in the past with relevance to the present)
Active Voice Conjugation:
| Person | Singular (Affirmative) | Singular (Negative) | Plural (Affirmative) | Plural (Negative) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | minä olen puhunut | en ole puhunut | me olemme puhuneet | emme ole puhuneet |
| 2nd Person | sinä olet puhunut | et ole puhunut | te olette puhuneet | ette ole puhuneet |
| 3rd Person | hän on puhunut | ei ole puhunut | he ovat puhuneet | eivät ole puhuneet |
Passive Voice Conjugation:
| Person | Passive (Affirmative) | Passive (Negative) |
|---|---|---|
| / | on puhuttu | ei ole puhuttu |
Examples:
- Active Affirmative: Minä olen puhunut suomea. (I have spoken Finnish.)
- Active Negative: En ole puhunut suomea. (I have not spoken Finnish.)
- Passive Affirmative: Suomea on puhuttu Suomessa. (Finnish has been spoken in Finland.)
- Passive Negative: Suomea ei ole puhuttu Ruotsissa. (Finnish has not been spoken in Sweden.)
